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How to determine an appropriate IP address based on the subnet mask.
Issue
Some devices require the use of a subnet mask. If not set properly the symptoms will be no communications between the device and software. All settings will look normal and all static address requirements will be filled.
All Ethernet Devices
Environment
Network Communications
Cause
In a situation where a customer is attempting to directly connect to the meter for a pre-deployment configuration where it is necessary to assign a temporary static IP address to the customer's computer based off the subnet mask assigned to the meter. In most situations, customers will use a standard subnet mask of 255.255.255.0. This is a standard class C network also known as a /24 that allows the full use of all IP addressing in the host address's range.
A host IP address of 10.10.10.1 with a subnet mask of 255.255.255.0 would allow the host to communicate with any other IP address of 10.10.10.1-254. (1 is already used and 0, 255 is reserved)
This is simple and easy to calculate an IP address that the meter can use and still communicate with a server or the customer's computer. Resolution
Step 1: Locate the netmask assigned to the meter you are wanting to communicate with. Note the / class number it is a member of.
/ Class | Addresses | Hosts | Netmask | Class C amount |
30 | 4 | 2 | 255.255.255.252 | 1/64 |
29 | 8 | 6 | 255.255.255.248 | 1/32 |
28 | 16 | 14 | 255.255.255.240 | 1/16 |
27 | 32 | 30 | 255.255.255.224 | 1/8 |
26 | 64 | 62 | 255.255.255.192 | 1/4 |
25 | 128 | 126 | 255.255.255.128 | 1/2 |
24 | 256 | 254 | 255.255.255.0 | 1 |
23 | 512 | 510 | 255.255.254.0 | 2 |
22 | 1024 | 1022 | 255.255.252.0 | 4 |
21 | 2048 | 2046 | 255.255.248.0 | 8 |
20 | 4096 | 4094 | 255.255.240.0 | 16 |
19 | 8192 | 8190 | 255.255.224.0 | 32 |
18 | 16384 | 16382 | 255.255.192.0 | 64 |
17 | 32768 | 32766 | 255.255.128.0 | 128 |
16 | 65536 | 65534 | 255.255.0.0 | 256 |
Step 2: Locate the corresponding class block. Then decide which Address range your meter address falls into. Addresses in the address range are valid for that class network.
Example: If you have a /25 with an IP address of 10.10.10.200 your meter falls into the first chart /25 and the second row labeled 129-254. Therefore you should set the computer IP address to 10.10.10.129-254 (Excluding 200).
/25
Network Number | Address Range | Broadcast Address |
0 | 1-126 | 127 |
128 | 129-254 | 255 |
/26
Network # | Address Range | Broadcast Address |
0 | 1-62 | 63 |
64 | 65-126 | 127 |
128 | 129-190 | 191 |
192 | 193-254 | 255 |
/27
Network Number | Address Range | Broadcast Address |
0 | 1-30 | 31 |
32 | 33-62 | 63 |
64 | 65-94 | 95 |
96 | 97-126 | 127 |
128 | 129-158 | 159 |
160 | 161-190 | 191 |
192 | 193-222 | 223 |
224 | 225-254 | 255 |
/28
Network Number | Address Range | Broadcast Address |
0 | 1-14 | 15 |
16 | 17-30 | 31 |
32 | 33-46 | 47 |
48 | 49-62 | 63 |
64 | 65-78 | 79 |
80 | 81-94 | 95 |
96 | 97-110 | 111 |
112 | 113-126 | 127 |
128 | 129-142 | 143 |
144 | 145-158 | 159 |
160 | 161-174 | 175 |
176 | 177-190 | 191 |
192 | 193-206 | 207 |
208 | 209-222 | 223 |
224 | 225-238 | 239 |
240 | 241-254 | 255 |
/29
Network number | Address Range | Broadcast Address |
0 | 1-6 | 7 |
8 | 9-14 | 15 |
16 | 17-22 | 23 |
24 | 25-30 | 31 |
32 | 33-38 | 39 |
40 | 41-46 | 47 |
48 | 49-54 | 55 |
56 | 57-62 | 63 |
64 | 65-70 | 71 |
72 | 73-78 | 79 |
80 | 81-86 | 87 |
88 | 89-94 | 95 |
96 | 97-102 | 103 |
104 | 105-110 | 111 |
112 | 113-118 | 119 |
120 | 121-126 | 127 |
128 | 129-134 | 135 |
136 | 137-142 | 143 |
144 | 145-150 | 151 |
152 | 153-158 | 159 |
160 | 161-166 | 167 |
168 | 169-174 | 175 |
176 | 177-182 | 183 |
184 | 185-190 | 191 |
192 | 193-198 | 199 |
200 | 201-206 | 207 |
208 | 209-214 | 215 |
216 | 217-222 | 223 |
224 | 225-230 | 231 |
232 | 233-238 | 239 |
240 | 241-246 | 247 |
248 | 249-254 | 255 |
/30
Network Number | Address Range | Broadcast Address |
0 | 1-2 | 3 |
4 | 5-6 | 7 |
8 | 9-10 | 11 |
12 | 13-14 | 15 |
/30
0 | 1-2 | 3 |
4 | 5-6 | 7 |
8 | 9-10 | 11 |
12 | 13-14 | 15 |
16 | 17-18 | 19 |
20 | 21-22 | 23 |
24 | 25-26 | 27 |
28 | 29-30 | 31 |
32 | 33-34 | 35 |
36 | 37-38 | 39 |
40 | 41-42 | 43 |
44 | 45-46 | 47 |
48 | 49-50 | 51 |
52 | 53-54 | 55 |
56 | 57-58 | 59 |
60 | 61-62 | 63 |
64 | 65-66 | 67 |
68 | 69-70 | 71 |
72 | 73-74 | 75 |
76 | 77-78 | 79 |
80 | 81-82 | 83 |
84 | 85-86 | 87 |
88 | 89-90 | 91 |
92 | 93-94 | 95 |
96 | 97-98 | 99 |
100 | 101-102 | 103 |
104 | 105-106 | 107 |
108 | 109-110 | 111 |
112 | 113-114 | 115 |
116 | 117-118 | 119 |
120 | 121-122 | 123 |
124 | 125-126 | 127 |
128 | 129-130 | 131 |
132 | 133-134 | 135 |
136 | 137-138 | 139 |
140 | 141-142 | 143 |
144 | 145-146 | 147 |
148 | 149-150 | 151 |
152 | 153-154 | 155 |
156 | 157-158 | 159 |
160 | 161-162 | 163 |
164 | 165-166 | 167 |
168 | 169-170 | 171 |
172 | 173-174 | 175 |
176 | 177-178 | 179 |
180 | 181-182 | 183 |
184 | 185-186 | 187 |
188 | 189-190 | 191 |
192 | 193-194 | 195 |
196 | 197-198 | 199 |
200 | 201-202 | 203 |
204 | 205-206 | 207 |
208 | 209-210 | 211 |
212 | 213-214 | 215 |
216 | 217-218 | 219 |
220 | 221-222 | 223 |
224 | 225-226 | 227 |
228 | 229-230 | 231 |
232 | 233-234 | 235 |
236 | 237-238 | 239 |
240 | 241-242 | 243 |
244 | 245-246 | 247 |
248 | 249-250 | 251 |
252 | 253-254 | 255 |
Released for:Schneider Electric Malaysia
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